Grid-00100

1000ms

262144K

Description:

A mad scientist Dr.Jubal has made a competitive programming task. Try to solve it!

You are given integers $$$n,k$$$. Construct a grid $$$A$$$ with size $$$n \times n$$$ consisting of integers $$$0$$$ and $$$1$$$. The very important condition should be satisfied: the sum of all elements in the grid is exactly $$$k$$$. In other words, the number of $$$1$$$ in the grid is equal to $$$k$$$.

Let's define:

$$$A_{i,j}$$$ as the integer in the $$$i$$$-th row and the $$$j$$$-th column.
$$$R_i = A_{i,1}+A_{i,2}+...+A_{i,n}$$$ (for all $$$1 \le i \le n$$$).
$$$C_j = A_{1,j}+A_{2,j}+...+A_{n,j}$$$ (for all $$$1 \le j \le n$$$).
In other words, $$$R_i$$$ are row sums and $$$C_j$$$ are column sums of the grid $$$A$$$.
For the grid $$$A$$$ let's define the value $$$f(A) = (\max(R)-\min(R))^2 + (\max(C)-\min(C))^2$$$ (here for an integer sequence $$$X$$$ we define $$$\max(X)$$$ as the maximum value in $$$X$$$ and $$$\min(X)$$$ as the minimum value in $$$X$$$).

Find any grid $$$A$$$, which satisfies the following condition. Among such grids find any, for which the value $$$f(A)$$$ is the minimum possible. Among such tables, you can find any.

Input:

The input consists of multiple test cases. The first line contains a single integer $$$t$$$ ($$$1 \le t \le 100$$$) — the number of test cases. Next $$$t$$$ lines contain descriptions of test cases.

For each test case the only line contains two integers $$$n$$$, $$$k$$$ $$$(1 \le n \le 300, 0 \le k \le n^2)$$$.

It is guaranteed that the sum of $$$n^2$$$ for all test cases does not exceed $$$10^5$$$.

Output:

For each test case, firstly print the minimum possible value of $$$f(A)$$$ among all tables, for which the condition is satisfied.

After that, print $$$n$$$ lines contain $$$n$$$ characters each. The $$$j$$$-th character in the $$$i$$$-th line should be equal to $$$A_{i,j}$$$.

If there are multiple answers you can print any.

Sample Input:

Sample Output:

Note:

In the first test case, the sum of all elements in the grid is equal to $$$2$$$, so the condition is satisfied. $$$R_1 = 1, R_2 = 1$$$ and $$$C_1 = 1, C_2 = 1$$$. Then, $$$f(A) = (1-1)^2 + (1-1)^2 = 0$$$, which is the minimum possible value of $$$f(A)$$$.

In the second test case, the sum of all elements in the grid is equal to $$$8$$$, so the condition is satisfied. $$$R_1 = 3, R_2 = 3, R_3 = 2$$$ and $$$C_1 = 3, C_2 = 2, C_3 = 3$$$. Then, $$$f(A) = (3-2)^2 + (3-2)^2 = 2$$$. It can be proven, that it is the minimum possible value of $$$f(A)$$$.

Informação

Provedor Codeforces

Código CF1371D