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Suborrays

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Description:

A permutation of length $$$n$$$ is an array consisting of $$$n$$$ distinct integers from $$$1$$$ to $$$n$$$ in arbitrary order. For example, $$$[2,3,1,5,4]$$$ is a permutation, but $$$[1,2,2]$$$ is not a permutation ($$$2$$$ appears twice in the array) and $$$[1,3,4]$$$ is also not a permutation ($$$n=3$$$ but there is $$$4$$$ in the array).

For a positive integer $$$n$$$, we call a permutation $$$p$$$ of length $$$n$$$ good if the following condition holds for every pair $$$i$$$ and $$$j$$$ ($$$1 \le i \le j \le n$$$) —

  • $$$(p_i \text{ OR } p_{i+1} \text{ OR } \ldots \text{ OR } p_{j-1} \text{ OR } p_{j}) \ge j-i+1$$$, where $$$\text{OR}$$$ denotes the bitwise OR operation.

In other words, a permutation $$$p$$$ is good if for every subarray of $$$p$$$, the $$$\text{OR}$$$ of all elements in it is not less than the number of elements in that subarray.

Given a positive integer $$$n$$$, output any good permutation of length $$$n$$$. We can show that for the given constraints such a permutation always exists.

Input:

Each test contains multiple test cases. The first line contains the number of test cases $$$t$$$ ($$$1 \le t \le 100$$$). Description of the test cases follows.

The first and only line of every test case contains a single integer $$$n$$$ ($$$1 \le n \le 100$$$).

Output:

For every test, output any good permutation of length $$$n$$$ on a separate line.

Sample Input:

3
1
3
7

Sample Output:

1
3 1 2
4 3 5 2 7 1 6

Note:

For $$$n = 3$$$, $$$[3,1,2]$$$ is a good permutation. Some of the subarrays are listed below.

  • $$$3\text{ OR }1 = 3 \geq 2$$$ $$$(i = 1,j = 2)$$$
  • $$$3\text{ OR }1\text{ OR }2 = 3 \geq 3$$$ $$$(i = 1,j = 3)$$$
  • $$$1\text{ OR }2 = 3 \geq 2$$$ $$$(i = 2,j = 3)$$$
  • $$$1 \geq 1$$$ $$$(i = 2,j = 2)$$$

Similarly, you can verify that $$$[4,3,5,2,7,1,6]$$$ is also good.

Informação

Codeforces

Provedor Codeforces

Código CF1391A

Tags

constructive algorithmsmath

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Datas 09/05/2023 10:05:12

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