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The Closest Pair

2000ms 262144K

Description:

Currently Tiny is learning Computational Geometry. When trying to solve a problem called "The Closest Pair Of Points In The Plane", he found that a code which gave a wrong time complexity got Accepted instead of Time Limit Exceeded.

The problem is the follows. Given n points in the plane, find a pair of points between which the distance is minimized. Distance between (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is .

The pseudo code of the unexpected code is as follows:


input n
for i from 1 to n
input the i-th point's coordinates into p[i]
sort array p[] by increasing of x coordinate first and increasing of y coordinate second
d=INF //here INF is a number big enough
tot=0
for i from 1 to n
for j from (i+1) to n
++tot
if (p[j].x-p[i].x>=d) then break //notice that "break" is only to be
//out of the loop "for j"
d=min(d,distance(p[i],p[j]))
output d

Here, tot can be regarded as the running time of the code. Due to the fact that a computer can only run a limited number of operations per second, tot should not be more than k in order not to get Time Limit Exceeded.

You are a great hacker. Would you please help Tiny generate a test data and let the code get Time Limit Exceeded?

Input:

A single line which contains two space-separated integers n and k (2 ≤ n ≤ 2000, 1 ≤ k ≤ 109).

Output:

If there doesn't exist such a data which let the given code get TLE, print "no solution" (without quotes); else print n lines, and the i-th line contains two integers xi, yi (|xi|, |yi| ≤ 109) representing the coordinates of the i-th point.

The conditions below must be held:

  • All the points must be distinct.
  • |xi|, |yi| ≤ 109.
  • After running the given code, the value of tot should be larger than k.

Sample Input:

4 3

Sample Output:

0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

Sample Input:

2 100

Sample Output:

no solution

Informação

Codeforces

Provedor Codeforces

Código CF311A

Tags

constructive algorithmsimplementation

Submetido 0

BOUA! 0

Taxa de BOUA's 0%

Datas 09/05/2023 08:44:13

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